A matsayin wani tsohon abu da tsari na musamman a cikin tsofaffin sana'o'in gargajiya na kasar Sin, tsohon gilashin kasar Sin yana da tarihi da al'adun gargajiya na fiye da shekaru 2000.
Asalin gilashin launi bai taɓa kasancewa ɗaya ba, kuma babu wata hanyar gwada shi.Sai kawai labarin da ya daɗe na " hawayen Xi Shi" an ba da shi don rubuta tsawon lokacin soyayya.
A cewar almara, a ƙarshen bazara da lokacin kaka, Fan Li ya yi takobin sarki ga Gou Jian, sabon sarkin Yue wanda ya gaje shi.Sai da aka shafe shekaru uku ana kirkire shi.Lokacin da aka haifi Wang Jian, Fan Li ya sami wani abu na sihiri a cikin ƙirar takobi.Lokacin da aka haɗa shi da crystal, yana da haske sosai amma yana da sautin ƙarfe.Fan Li ya yi imanin cewa an tsabtace wannan abu da wuta, kuma Yin da laushin crystal suna ɓoye a ciki.Yana da ruhin takobin sarki duka da taushin jin ruwa, wanda shine mafi samuwa ta hanyar halittar yin da Yang a sama da ƙasa.Don haka, irin wannan abu ana kiransa "Kendo" aka gabatar da shi ga sarkin Yue tare da jabun takobin sarki.
Sarkin Yue ya yaba da gudummawar da Fan Li ya bayar don yin takobi, ya karɓi takobin sarki, amma ya mayar da ainihin "Kendo" kuma ya sa wa wannan kayan sihiri suna "Li" a cikin sunansa.
A lokacin, Fan Li ta gana da Xi Shi, kuma kyawunta ya burge shi.Ya yi tunanin cewa abubuwan gama-gari irin su zinariya, azurfa, Jade da Jade ba za su iya daidaitawa da Xi Shi ba.Don haka, ya ziyarci ƙwararrun masu sana'a, ya sanya "Li" da aka sa masa suna ya zama kayan ado masu kyau, ya ba Xi Shi a matsayin alamar ƙauna.
Ba zato ba tsammani, yakin ya sake barkewa a bana.Da yake jin cewa Fu Chai, sarkin Wu, yana horar da sojojinsa dare da rana, da nufin kai hari a jihar Yue domin daukar fansa ga mahaifinsa, Gou Jian ya yanke shawarar fara kai farmaki.Nasihar Fan Li ta gaza.Daga karshe dai an yi galaba a kan jihar Yue kuma an kusa murkushe su.An tilastawa Xi Shi ya je jihar Wu domin samar da zaman lafiya.A lokacin rabuwar, Xi Shi ya mayar da "Li" ga Fan Li.An ce hawayen Xi Shi ya zubo kan "Li" ya kuma motsa duniya da rana da wata.Har wala yau, muna iya ganin hawayen Xi Shi na kwarara a cikinsa.Ƙarni na baya suna kiransa "Liu Li".Gilashin launi na yau ya samo asali ne daga wannan sunan.
A shekarar 1965, an gano wata tsohuwar takobin da ta dade tsawon dubban shekaru amma tana da kaifi kamar yadda aka saba, a kabari na 1 na Jiangling na lardin Hubei.An ɗora grid ɗin takobi tare da guda biyu na gilashin shuɗi mai haske.Hatimin tsuntsun da ke jikin takobin ya nuna a fili cewa "Gou Jian, sarkin Yue, takobi ne mai yin kansa".Gilashin mai launi da aka yi wa ado a kan takobin Gou Jian, sarkin Yue, shine samfurin gilashin farko da aka gano ya zuwa yanzu.Ba zato ba tsammani, a kan "takobin Fu Chai, sarkin Wu" da aka samu a gundumar Huixian da ke lardin Henan, an sa gilashin launuka uku marasa launi da bayyananne a cikin firam ɗin.
Sarakunan biyu na lokacin bazara da kaka, waɗanda suka mamaye duk rayuwarsu, sun mamaye duniya tare da manyan nasarorin da suka samu."Takobin sarki" ba kawai alama ce ta matsayi da matsayi ba, amma kuma suna daukar su a matsayin mai daraja kamar rai.Sarakunan almara guda biyu sun ɗauki gilashin kala-kala a kwatsam a matsayin kayan ado kawai a kan takubbansu, wanda ya ƙara wasu ƴan asirai ga almara game da asalin tsohuwar gilashin Faransanci.
Ba za mu iya tabbatar da asalin tsohuwar kyalkyalin kyalli na kasar Sin ba.Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa na ɗan adam ko tatsuniya kafin tatsuniyar hawayen Xi Shi.Duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da tatsuniyar asalin gilashin yammacin duniya, tatsuniyar Fan Li ta jefa takobi da ƙirƙira gilashi mai launi ya fi soyayya a al'adun Sinawa.
An ce finishiyawa (Lebanoniyawa) ne suka ƙirƙira gilashin.Shekaru 3000 da suka gabata, gungun ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Finisiya da ke jigilar soda na halitta sun kunna wuta a bakin teku a Tekun Bahar Rum.Sun yi amfani da manyan tubalan soda don kwantar da ƙafafunsu kuma suka kafa babbar tukunya.Bayan cin abinci, mutane sun sami wani abu kamar ƙanƙara a cikin gobarar wutar.Bayan hada silica, babban bangaren yashi, tare da sodium carbonate, babban bangaren soda, ya narke a babban zafin jiki kuma ya zama gilashin sodium.
Wani kuma ya ce gilashin ya samo asali ne daga tsohuwar kasar Masar kuma wani haziki ne mai tsantseni wajen harba tukwane ya gano shi.
A haƙiƙa, da zarar mun yi nazarinsu ta fuskar ilimi, nan take waɗannan tatsuniyoyi suka rasa tushen wanzuwarsu.
Matsayin narkewar silica yana da kusan digiri 1700, kuma wurin narkewar gilashin sodium da aka kafa tare da sodium kamar yadda juzu'in yana kusan digiri 1450.Ko da ana amfani da gawayi mai inganci na zamani, matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin tanderu na yau da kullun shine kusan digiri 600 kawai, ba tare da ambaton wutar lantarki shekaru 3000 da suka gabata ba.Dangane da yanayin zafi, kawai tsohuwar ka'idar tukwane na Masar ne mai yiwuwa kaɗan.
Idan aka kwatanta da tatsuniyoyi na gabas da yamma, ko da yake "ka'idar jefa takobi" tana da wasu tatsuniyoyi na musamman na kasar Sin da launukan soyayya, har yanzu tana da inganci sosai ta fuskar zahiri da sinadarai.Za mu iya yin watsi da sahihancin cikakkun bayanai na almara, amma babban bambanci tsakanin asalin gilashin Faransa na zamanin da na kasar Sin da na gilashin yammacin Turai ya cancanci a kula da mu sosai.
Bisa kididdigar da aka yi kan sinadarai na gilashin da aka gano, babban magudanar ruwan gilasan kasar Sin shi ne "lead da barium" (wanda ke da kusanci da crystal na halitta), yayin da tsohon gilashin yammacin duniya ya kunshi "sodium da calcium" ( daidai da tagogin gilashi da gilashin da ake amfani da su a yau).A tsarin gilashin yammacin duniya, "barium" kusan bai taba bayyana ba, haka ma amfani da "lead".Ba a yi amfani da gilashin na gaske mai ɗauke da gubar a yammacin duniya ba, sai a ƙarni na 18, wanda ya shafe fiye da shekaru 2000 baya da tsohuwar fasahar gilashin kasar Sin.
Mun san cewa yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata don jefa tagulla yana da girma sosai, kuma babu matsala tare da "silicon dioxide", babban ɓangaren gilashin narkewa.Abu na biyu, dabarar tagulla tana buƙatar ƙara gubar (galena) da kwano a cikin tagulla.Barium alama ce ta tsohon gubar (galena) kuma ba za a iya raba shi ba, don haka zaman tare da gubar da barium a cikin gilashin tsohon ba makawa.Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar yashi da ake amfani da shi don jefa takuba a zamanin da ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na silica, wanda ya samar da kayan gilashi.Zazzabi.Lokacin da sharuɗɗan juzu'i suka cika, komai zai biyo baya.
A cikin litattafan litattafai da yawa na kasar Sin, an ambaci cewa ana yin gilashin kala-kala ta hanyar hada uwa mai kyau da kuma dutsen gilashi mai launi.
A cewar jawabin kasuwanci na Qian Weishan, wadanda ke bauta wa Baitulmalin Chen su ne dukiyar kakanninsu ... Idan mahaifiyar gilashin launi ta kasance kudi a yau, zai zama babba kuma ƙanana kamar hannun yara.Ana kuma kiransa ainihin abin Haikali.Duk da haka, ana iya yin shi zuwa siffar Ke Zi, tare da shuɗi, ja, rawaya da fari suna bin launi, amma ba za a iya yin shi da kansa ba.
Tiangong Kaiwu - Lu'u-lu'u da Jade: kowane nau'in duwatsu masu kyalli da lu'ulu'u na kasar Sin.Ku mamaye birnin da wuta.Irinsu iri daya ne... Duk launuka biyar na duwatsun su ne.Wannan yanayin sama da ƙasa yana ɓoye a cikin ƙasa mai sauƙi.Dutsen glazed na halitta yana ƙara ƙaranci, musamman mai daraja.
Bayanan fasaha na "ɗaukar wannan kristal da mayar da shi kore" a cikin bayanan daban-daban na Yan Shan - gilashin launi ya kuma kara nuna ci gaba da irin wannan fasaha.
Idan aka yi la’akari da kayayyakin al’adu da aka tono a yau, lokacin da gilashin da ke bayyana a yammacin duniya ya kasance kimanin shekara ta 200 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, wato kusan shekaru 300 bayan bayyanar tsohuwar gilashin kasar Sin, kuma lokacin da gilashin haske ya bayyana ya kai kimanin shekara ta 1500 miladiyya, wato fiye da shekaru 1000. bayan gilashin gilashin Wu Lord a zamanin Mulkin Uku da aka rubuta a cikin wallafe-wallafe.Lokacin da lu'ulu'u na wucin gadi (mai kama da kayan gilashi) suka bayyana a yammacin duniya shine kusan ƙarshen karni na 19, fiye da shekaru 2000 bayan bayyanar tsohuwar gilashin kasar Sin.
A taƙaice, ya kamata a ayyana yanayin zahirin tsohuwar kayan kyalli na kasar Sin mai dogon tarihi a matsayin yanayin lu'u-lu'u mai haske (ko mai bayyanawa).Ta fuskar kayayyakin al'adu da aka tono, kayan aikin farko masu kyalli da aka tono a yau har yanzu kayan ado ne a kan "Takobin Gou Jian na Sarkin Yue".Dangane da kayan, gilashin launi tsohon abu ne kuma tsari ya bambanta da crystal da gilashi.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-03-2019